Hiramoto, Mie. "Utterance Final Position and Projection of Femininity in Japanese."
Gender and Language 4.1 (2010): 99-124. Web.
Hiramoto found that higher vocal pitches and sentence-final particles are used to
highlight femininity in Japanese speech and this is a key feature of Japanese
women’s language (JWL). It is important to understand exactly which linguistic
features are associated with femininity and how they are utilized.
Hui-qing, L. I. "Study on Pragmatic Functions of Gender Terms in Japanese
Conversation." Canadian Social Science 5.5 (2009): 48-54. Print.
Hui-qing explores the pragmatics of gender terms in Japanese. Their use is both
flexible and an intentional strategy on the part of the speaker and is not
necessarily determined by the gender identity of the speaker. Understanding how
these gender terms can be used strategically could enable a more thorough understanding of how these concepts affect SLA.
Itakura, Hiroko. "Attitudes towards the Use of Masculine and Feminine Japanese among
Foreign Professionals: What Can Learners Learn from Professionals?" Language,
Culture and Curriculum 22.1 (2009): 29-41. Print.
Itakura found that the gendered aspects of Japanese have posed problems for
learners of Japanese, specifically western female learners. The use of masculine
and feminine forms in Japanese demonstrates an expert linguistic and cultural
knowledge that is appreciated by native speakers, though it’s use by women
serves to reinforce their perceived subservient position. These findings have
implications not only for learners of Japanese, but also for anyone attempting to
learn gendered aspects of a language, as well as those attempting to teach these
aspects.
Nakamura, Momoko. "Masculinity and National Language: The Silent Construction of a
Dominant Language Ideology." Gender and Language 2.1 (2008): 25-50. Print.
Nakamura explores the history of masculinity in Japanese language. It stems from
the attempts in the late 19th and 20th centuries to build a Japanese nation-state with
a unified national language. It’s association with masculine speech, as well as the
asymmetrical relationship between “masculine” speech and “feminine” or
otherwise marginalized speech styles created the link between masculine speech
and national speech. Language are ever changing and evolving and it is important
to understand how historical events and power structures have helped shape
language.
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